[Péter Bacsó|A Tanú]證人

Title：A Tanú
aka：The Witness
Director：Péter Bacsó
Release Date：1969
Genre：Drama / Comedy
Country：Hungary
Language：Hungarian
IMDb

簡介。。。。。

Banned for over a decade for its outspoken criticism of the post-WWII communist regime in Hungary, Péter Bacsó's 'The Witness' has since then achieved unparalleled cult status in its native land. Known as the best satire about communism, 'The Witness' has become a cult classic, which was also well received by critics and general audiences alike when it was finally released outside of Hungary. Its candid and realistic portrayal of the incompetent communist regime has earned great acclaim for both the director and the film itself when it was shown at Cannes Film Festival in 1981.

'The Witness' takes place during the height of the Rákosi Era, which was closely modeled after the ruthless and brutal Stalin regime. The film follows the life of an ordinary dike keeper, József Pelikán, who has been caught for illegally slaughtering his pig, Dezsõ. Instead of doing hard time for his "heinous" crime, Pelikán is elevated into an important position, generally reserved for the communist elite. Of course, Pelikán is utterly clueless about his newfound luck, not to mention his new job. Even his new benefactor, the mysterious Comrade Virág, is reluctant to reveal the real reason behind Pelikán's preferential treatment.

Thus, begins Pelikán's hilarious adventure deep within the "sophisticated" communist society. One failure after another the incompetent Pelikán is elevated higher and higher on the communist echelon, all the while remaining completely clueless about his promotions. Until one day, when he gets called for to return the "favour" by falsely testifying against his long-time friend in a mock-up show trial.

我的碎碎唸。。。。。。推薦指數：8.4/10

這是一部幽默而犀利的政治諷刺劇，辛辣地諷刺了二戰后共產政權對匈牙利的統治，揭示了政府的種種弊端和虛假。這使得此片在匈牙利被封禁了近十年之久，直到1978年才公之於衆，並在匈牙利立刻獲得了巨大的成功。

從上世紀二三十年代以來，喜劇電影一直是匈牙利電影的主要形式，產量最多但水平卻參差不齊。直到六十年代匈牙利新電影運動爆發，出現了一批優秀的電影人，他們打破了這種以喜劇為主導的匈牙利電影的國際形象，應運時代開始了風格多樣化的電影創作，使得匈牙利電影呈現出了一派百家爭鳴的繁榮景象。導演Péter Bacsó是匈牙利著名的喜劇電影大師，被譽爲匈牙利最後的喜劇電影天才，這部拍攝于1969年的電影《證人》可以說是集聚了幾十年來匈牙利喜劇創作之精髓的巔峰之作，是其最有代表性最傑出的作品。

Pelikán同志最初只是一個老實本分的堤壩看守人，住在風景如畫的草原河邊過著平靜安寧的生活。但是當時由於實行計劃經濟，豬肉緊缺，Pelikán不得已的偷偷殺了他家的豬被警察發現進了監獄。就在這個時候卻因爲政治需要和利用被釋放，而且為他換了更好的工作，Pelikán接連做了游泳館的領導、遊樂場的領導、水果種植基地的領導，工作認真負責，卻每次因爲好心或者說是較真，得罪了高層領導人接連好幾次被送進監獄。Pelikán不喜歡這樣的生活，他只想回去踏踏實實的做自己的堤壩看守，可是被政治力量控制的 Pelikán同志沒有辦法，只能繼續他並不樂意卻越升越高的職位，精神被折磨得快崩潰。最後Pelikán在被要求做僞證的時候，不自覺地在法庭上說出了真話，得罪了一直幕後掌控者，被判處絞刑，卻又喜劇性地被釋放了，終于可以回到他寧靜的家中了。影片以幽默詼諧的基調不緊不慢的講述在政治極權下個人失去自由、無力反抗，只能被這股巨大的力量牽著鼻子走，像一個政治木偶被他人操控。

[Béla Gaál|Csak egy kislány van a világon]心底的女孩

Title：Csak egy kislány van a világon
aka：There is Only One Girl in the Whole World
Director：Béla Gaál
Release Date：1930-05-12
Genre：Silent，Drama
Country：Hungary
Language：Hungarian
IMDb

簡介。。。。。

This film is the first Hungarian sound film. a very rare gem of east european cinema.

Béla Gaál:Director. He read law in Budapest, then in 1913 he completed the course on acting of the National Association for Acting. In 1914 he published a volume of poetry entitled Kóborlások. In 1918 he founded the Madách Theatre, which he became the director of. Between 1920-27 he is the director of Star. At the end of the silent film era he returned to the stage and became the leading director of Belvárosi Színház (Theatre of the Inner City). After the sound picture was introduced his interest turned towards the cinema again. He was the Director of the film school of the National Association for Films and he himself lectured. His true genre is comedy. He called attention to himself back in the twenties with a burlesque made based on the script of Lajos Zilahy, Rongyosok. There are two memorable movie hits associated with his name: Meseautó (1934) and the Budai cukrászda (1935), having become a great name and pouring out the false romantic of the General Director and the typist. He filmed Jókai novNM: Geiger, Will Born William Francis Geiger, New Rochelle New York. Lived all over the U.S. and Europe as the son of an undercover F.B.I. Agent. Attended Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London, England, UK. Attended Orange Coast Film/Video Academy. While at Orange Coast, wrote and directed "In Love and War" which won Silver Plaque at Chicago Film Festival. Worked in Rome, Italy as a Director's Apprentice. Wrote and Directed "Red Man" through Fly Filmmaking Program at the Seattle Film Festival. "Red Man" premiered on the Independent Film Channel's Shorts Program.

我的碎碎唸。。。。。。推薦指數：8.0/10

這部電影是目前所知的匈牙利第一部有聲電影，雖然它大部分還是在匈牙利音樂和歌曲中進行，只用屈指可數的幾句是通過錄音設備錄製的短句和聲音（比如鼓掌的聲音）。

它是東歐電影史中罕見的瑰寶，比我之前看過的兩部電影都要好。首先導演Béla Gaál（關於導演簡介，請看上面的英文部分）已經不拘泥于影棚中的拍攝，從室内走向室外，走向街道。因此拍攝的光影自然真實。而且通過室外的拍攝，間接的反映匈牙利當時的社會狀況和人民生活的社會風貌。此外，Béla Gaál在這部影片中拍攝了人民勞作和節日的大場景，他們採摘葡萄、釀製葡萄酒，聚在一起喝著這美酒，縱情舞蹈慶祝著他們的節日，非常具有社會意義以及民族風俗的研究價值。

依然沒有英文字幕，許多細節沒有看懂。故事大致講述的是戰後兩個老兵相互攙扶著跌跌撞撞回到家鄉，同時愛上了同鄉家的女兒，女孩子愛上他們中間長得比較帥的男人，兩人隨後訂了婚。這時男人要去城市裏，女孩為他送行並等待他的歸來。而這個男人到了城市裏認識了一位富家小姐，小姐很喜歡他，在金錢、美色以及社會地位的面前，男人背叛了自己的女朋友。當男人在回到鎮子的時候，女孩子看到了和他一起回來的富家小姐並得知了真相，女孩傷心慾絕。後來有一天，男人發現富家小姐另有新歡的時候，男人後悔了，重新回到小鎮，求得女孩的原諒。經過這些愛情的磨礪，男人終于知道了自己最愛是這個女孩，而且女孩也依然愛著他。於是兩位有情人終成眷屬。

這部又是一部描寫負心漢的電影，我看得前兩部也是這樣，非常巧合，呵呵。也許那個時代的人比較喜歡愛情背叛方面的戲劇衝突。但女主角在所愛之人背叛了自己之後，由於她們的愛情未滅，都選擇了寬容的接受。導演們一方面痛斥這種背叛，一方面更讚揚著女性的善良並對他們表示同情。雖然總會讓我產生一些不快以及對她們的軟弱有些不屑，但這可能就是時代特徵的產物。令我更感興趣的是，這部電影中的許多表現手法以及敍事手段都非常出色。比如通過一個球的鏡頭，將女孩所工作清貧的小學和男人在城市中與富家小姐觀看馬球的場景聯係在了一起，有“一江春水向東流”那樣強烈的對比，貧富懸殊、社會地位，讓觀衆對於這種陳世美式角色更加痛斥。我對其中一場戯記憶最深，就是男人和富家小姐坐在花園裏等她的父親，兩個人不敢太放縱，所以只能用他們的腳相互挑逗。鏡頭是只是草地上兩只腳的影子，高跟鞋與平底皮鞋的影子相互調情。非常具有象徵意義，還有些超現實的表現味道，非常精彩絕妙。

這部電影是很難找到的，我為我能夠看到這樣一部罕見的東歐電影傑作而感到很幸運。

[Lajos Lázár & Pál Sugár|Rabmadár]囚鳥

Title:Rabmadár
aka:From midnight to dawn
Director:Lajos Lázár & Pál Sugár
Release Date:1929
Genre:Silent
Country:Hungary
Language:Hungarian
IMDb

簡介。。。。。

This crime story centres around Anna, the prisoner, who was drawn into stealing by her lover and that's what got her in prison. The girl would like to meet Jenő, her sweetheart again. She begs the prison physician until she lets her out for one night. She visits the man, but the womaniser hotel waiter has long forgotten her. He has already coaxed the naive do-all girl, Birdie, courted the chambermaid, and is now planning to rob the cash-register with his new lover, an acrobat. The acrobat falls on the run with an elevator out of order and dies. Anna forgives the disloyal Jenőnek, whom she still loves, but when she learns of Birdie expecting a child from him, she convinces Jenő to marry the girl and then returns to the prison.

more info

我的碎碎唸。。。。。。推薦指數：7.3/10

據説匈牙利的默片存世量非常稀少，所以這部電影是非常難得的。因此相關的資料也非常少，我到處搜索，終于在匈牙利的電影文化網站找到了一些英文資料，更多地知曉了這位並不著名的匈牙利導演Pál Sugár，還有他的這兩部傑作：這部Rabmadár，還有一部叫做Vihar után（風暴過後）。我對另外一部也很感興趣，正在到處尋找。

Rabmadár沒有英文字幕，又不懂匈牙利文，看得似懂非懂。好在在那個網站找到了一些英文的故事梗概，才使我更明白了一些。主要就是將這個因爲所愛的人而進了監獄的女孩爲了能再次見到自己的愛人，央求監獄醫生，放她出去一天。可是回來才發現，對愛情不忠的男友早有新歡，並正準備和自己新女朋友謀劃著偷竊。情敵謀面，在追逐的混亂之中，這位新女朋友乘上損壞的電梯意外死去。在男人的花言巧語下，女主角再次相信並原諒了他，可是沒想到他已經和她的一個天真爛漫的朋友結婚了。

影片如同我之前看的那部捷克默片《Erotikon》一樣，也對這種玩弄女性危險男人做了一次批判。在很多場景的處理方法，這部影片已經非常成熟了，導演已經懂得用影像的疊加來表達人物内心的渴望與想法。開篇從打電話傳送消息一直到報紙印製與出售的一段非常連貫流暢，鏡頭處理得很好，很經典的一段，個人認爲。之後故事矛盾衝突不斷的激烈，雖然我覺得被從監獄裏換出來只是爲了想見一見愛人有點不切合實際，呵呵。影片的高潮莫過於追逐情敵一直到情敵所乘的電梯高速墜下的那場戯，鏡頭在三人的跑動中迅速切換，流暢、氣氛緊張得讓人喘不過氣，非常精彩。

[András Jeles|Angyali üdvözlet]天使報喜

Title:Angyali üdvözlet
aka:The Annunciation
Director:András Jeles
Release Date:1984
Genre:Drama
Country:Hungary
Language:Hungarian
IMDb

簡介。。。。。

Angyali üdvözlet, aka, The Annunciation, is a surreal account of the history of humanity as portrayed entirely by children between the ages of 8 and 12. The film begins with the biblical story of Adam and Eve as Adam (Péter Bocsor) and Eve (Júlia Mérö), are deceived by Lucifer (Eszter Gyalog), into tasting the "Forbiden Fruit" and are thurs cast out of the Garden of Eden by God and sent on an existential journey through Time. Always followed closely and influenced by the deceptively sweet, but contemptuous Lucifer.

Script written by András Jeles, based on the book dráma "The Tragedy of Man" by Imre Madách (a similar work than Goethe's Faust -- a philosophical drama and vision about mankind, its goals, existence and relevánce). The original script was rewritten and significantly modified -- giving a much more pessimistic, darker vision about the "ultimate question" of the human race. As the tale progresses, Adam personifies one of the central characters in each historical "event," materializing as a Greek general, a crusader, a Czech astronomer, and Danton during the French Revolution, among other lives as well. This effect is further amplified by the coherence of directing, cinematography, set design, and, by having the entire film (but three minor characters) played by 8-12 years old children. Though their narration might be sometimes obscuring, but it nevertheless offers unbeatable cleanness, innocence and naturalness. The film caused much controversy in Hungary, both with its highly pessimistic vision about human history (the previous film of Jeles was actually banned for more than 6 years), and with its use (or "abuse"?) of children actors.

András Jeles

我的碎碎唸。。。。。。評價指數：8.5/10

聖誕節是不是應該看這部影片呢？濃郁的宗教色彩和宗教形式。這部影片充滿著宗教以及哲學内容，開始于創世紀中亞當和夏娃受到撒旦所變的蛇的誘惑偷吃了能夠分辨善惡的禁果，激怒了上帝被趕出了伊甸園。導演憑藉著豐富的想象力，為亞當和夏娃安排了離開伊甸園之後的奇異經歷，分爲雅典、布拉格、巴黎、倫敦幾個部分，在這個過程中亞當和夏娃經歷了各種罪惡、災難，直到耶穌降臨，又爲了替人類贖罪而被盯死于十字架上，這一切都被亞當和夏娃所親眼目睹並親身經歷。

電影腳本由導演András Jeles根據Imre Madách的戲劇著作《人類的悲劇》改編而成。《人類的悲劇》是一部與歌德的名著《浮士德》相類似的作品，從哲學角度上討論了人類的根本問題——目標、存在、關係。。。由於在人類種族的“終極疑問”上態度過於悲觀與陰暗，原始的腳本被多次重寫並做了大幅度的修改。在這個“聖經故事的升級版”中的每個部分，也就是各個重大的歷史事件中，亞當這個中心式人物也順應得被賦予了各種不同的角色形象，從希臘城邦的大將軍到十字軍戰士，從捷克天文學傢到法國革命時期的革命領袖丹東，從黑死病蔓延歐洲的一個目擊者和幸存者到倫敦街頭的流浪者，親眼目睹了無數的殘殺、背叛、恐懼。。。這種悲觀主義情緒的影響更被擴大到了指導手法、攝影、場景設計等方面，使其無不充滿神秘的超現實主義以及看似荒誕的象徵主義語彙。甚至更令人不可思議的是由一群8到12嵗尚未發育的孩子來表演這樣一個成人化故事，愛、恨、性、殺戮、野心、背叛。。。可是這群天才般的孩子卻將這個有些陰暗的“曖昧”電影演得乾淨自然、真實單純、有模有樣，行爲舉止間冷靜穩重、恰如其分，氣質神韻也符合角色的性格與身份，而且還要背誦大段大段史詩式的戲劇臺詞，真是好難得啊。影片在匈牙利立刻引起了強烈的爭論，爭論的焦點集中于影片傳達出來的關於人類歷史的高度悲觀主義情緒（András Jeles之前的一部電影也因此原因被禁映了長達6年之久），以及另一個焦點問題——兒童的使用（有人稱之爲濫用）。

從視聽的角度來看，影片以童聲合唱的聖詩作爲背景音樂，除了神秘與神聖之感外，還增加了純真和可愛的感覺。攝影鏡頭無論從色彩上，構圖上都極爲考究。服裝、道具、場景都極富形式美感，表現的神秘主義和超現實主義色彩令人嘆爲觀止，讓觀者們又一次領略了東歐電影文化的非凡魅力。